Passive in Future Perfect
The passive voice in the future perfect (Futur II) combines future tense with perfect tense in passive form.
This creates a complex structure: werden (future) + past participle + worden + sein (infinitive).
This lesson covers how to form and use the passive voice in the future perfect tense.
Explanation
Form: werden (conjugated for future) + past participle + worden + sein (infinitive).
Example: 'Das Buch wird gelesen worden sein' (The book will have been read).
The structure is: subject + werden (conjugated) + past participle + worden + sein (infinitive).
This form expresses that a passive action will have been completed by a certain point in the future.
Passive Formation - Future Perfect
| Subject | werden (future) | Past Participle | worden | sein (inf.) | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ich | werde | gelesen | worden | sein | Ich werde gelesen worden sein | I will have been read |
| du | wirst | gelesen | worden | sein | Du wirst gelesen worden sein | You will have been read |
| er/sie/es | wird | gelesen | worden | sein | Das Buch wird gelesen worden sein | The book will have been read |
| wir | werden | gelesen | worden | sein | Wir werden gelesen worden sein | We will have been read |
| ihr | werdet | gelesen | worden | sein | Ihr werdet gelesen worden sein | You will have been read |
| sie | werden | gelesen | worden | sein | Sie werden gelesen worden sein | They will have been read |
Examples
Das Buch wird gelesen worden sein.
The book will have been read.
Die Tür wird geöffnet worden sein.
The door will have been opened.
Das Auto wird repariert worden sein.
The car will have been repaired.
Bis morgen wird das Haus gebaut worden sein.
By tomorrow, the house will have been built.
Common Mistakes
Das Buch wird gelesen worden
Das Buch wird gelesen worden sein
Future perfect passive requires 'sein' (infinitive) at the end. Don't forget 'sein'.
Das Buch wird gelesen worden werden
Das Buch wird gelesen worden sein
Future perfect passive uses 'sein' (infinitive), not 'werden' (infinitive).
Practice Exercises
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Frequently Asked Questions
How do I know which article to use?
German articles (der, die, das) depend on the gender of the noun. While there are some patterns, many nouns must be memorized. Practice and exposure to German will help you learn them naturally.
What's the difference between definite and indefinite articles?
Definite articles (der, die, das) mean 'the' and refer to specific things. Indefinite articles (ein, eine) mean 'a/an' and refer to non-specific things. Both must match the noun's gender: use 'ein' for masculine/neuter and 'eine' for feminine.
Are there rules for determining noun gender?
While there are some helpful patterns (e.g., words ending in -ung are usually feminine), there are many exceptions. The best approach is to learn nouns with their articles from the beginning.
What happens if I use the wrong article?
While using the wrong article is a common mistake, native speakers will usually still understand you. However, using the correct article is important for sounding natural and fluent in German.